|
Some useful
data and physical properties for relatively pure unalloyed Titanium
are listed below. Because published values vary data sources referenced
should be consulted for precision applications.
|
| Discoverer
¹ |
Gregor,
1791
|
| Named
for ¹ |
Titans
(Latin), Mythological First Sons of the Earth
|
| Abundance
in Earth’s Crust ¹ |
Ninth,
5700 g/metric ton
|
| Chemical
Symbol ¹ |
Ti
|
| Color
¹ |
Silver-Gray
|
| Atomic
Number ¹ |
22
|
| Standard
Atomic Weight (1989) ¹ |
47.88
|
| Atomic
Volume ³ |
10.63
cm³/mol
|
| Lattice
Constant at 20°C³ |
2.9503
|
| Density
¹ |
4.54
gm/cm³ (0.1640 lbs/in³)
|
Hardness
 |
Rockwell
B70-74
|
| Elastic
Modulus in Tension |
E = 14.9 x 10
psi
|
Elastic
Modulus in Compression  |
E = 13.0 - 14.0 x 10
psi
|
| Elastic
Modulus in Torsion |
G = 6.5 x 10
psi
|
| Poisson's
Ratio ³ |
0.34
|
| Coefficient
of Friction |
0.8
at 125 ft/min (40 m/min)
0.68 at 1000 ft/min (300 m/min) |
| Thermal
Expansion Coefficient (25°C)¹ |
8.6
x 10
cm/cm/°C (4.8 x 10 in/in/°F) |
Thermal
Conductivity ( )at
27°C ¹ |
18.84
Kcal /h·m·°C
(12.6 BTU/h·ft²·°F/ft.)(0.219 W/cm·K) |
| Melting
Point, Tm, 1 Atm. ¹ |
1670
± 70°C (3038°F) |
| Boiling
Point, Tb, 1 Atm. ¹ |
3289°C
(5952°F) |
Enthalpy
of Fusion, 
fusH,
J/g ¹ |
305
J/g |
| Enthalpy,
H° ¹ |
473
kJ/mol |
| Gibbs
Energy of Formation,
fG°
¹ |
428.4
kJ/mol (gaseous state) |
| Standard
Entropy, S° (25°C) ¹ |
30.7
J/mol·C (crystalline state) |
| Standard
Entropy, S° (25°C) ¹ |
180.3
J/mol·C (gaseous state) |
| Specific
Heat Capacity, Cp
(25°C) ¹ |
25
J/mol (crystalline state) |
| Specific
Heat Capacity, Cp
(25°C) ¹ |
24.4
J/mol (gaseous state) |
| Specific
Electrical Resistivity ¹ |
39
micro-ohms
/cm/cm² (at 0°C) |
Electrical
Conductivity |
4.00%
of pure copper 0°C |
| Superconductive
Transformation Temp.² |
1.73°K |
| Velocity
of Sound ¹ |
V1
(longitudinal) 6070 m/s; Vs (transverse
shear) 3125 m/s |
| Specific
Magnetic Susceptibility (20°C)¹ |
+153
x 10
cgs |
Emissivity,
 , at 500°K
 |
0.20 |
| Nuclear
Cross Section ³ |
5.8
barns/atom |
| Neutral
& First Ionization Potential ¹ |
I
- 6.8282, II - 13.5755 eV (to XXII) |
| Room
Temperature Structure (alpha) |
Hexagonal
Close Packed (HCP) |
| Beta
Transus |
1621ºF
± 25°F(883°C) |
| Structure
Above Beta Transus (Beta) |
Body
Centered Cubic (BCC) |
| Standard
Reduction Potential, E0 25°C
¹ |
-0.502
(TiO2 + 4H
+ 2e  2
Ti2 + 2 H2O) |
| Electron
Work Function ¹ |
4.33
eV |
| Oxides
and Oxidation States ¹ |
TiO2,
Ti2O3,
TiO; +4,+3,+2
|
| Valence
¹ |
+2,
+3, +4 |
| Electron
Configuration ¹ |
-8-10-2 |
