Causes & Remedies | Using Corrosion Data | Unalloyed Ti Corrosion Data | Corrosion References | Ti-Pd Corrosion Data | Ti-Ru Corrosion Data

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Media Conc. Temperature Corrosion Rate Ref. Remarks % oF oC mpy mm/yr Acetaldehyde 75 300 149 0.02 0.001 1 Acetaldehyde 100 300 149 nil - 1 Acetate mixture - 266 130 1 0.025 2-4 Acetate, n-propyl - 188 87 nil - 1 Acetic acid 5 212 100 nil - 3-16 powder consolidation Acetic acid 5 boiling - <5 <.13 3-18 Acetic acid 25 212 100 nil - 3-16 powder consolidation Acetic acid 25 boiling - <5 <.13 3-18 Acetic acid 50 212 100 0.01 0.0003 3-16 powder consolidation Acetic acid 50 boiling - <5 <.13 3-18 Acetic acid 58 266 130 15 0.381 1 Acetic acid 65 250 121 0.10 0.003 1 Acetic acid 70 122-144 <0.1 <0.003 2-8 Acetic acid 75 212 100 0.01 0.0003 3-16 powder consolidation Acetic acid 99 boiling - <0.1 <0.003 3-99 (also ref. 3-1) Acetic acid 99.5 212 100 0.01 0.0003 3-16 powder consolidation Acetic acid 99.7 255 124 0.10 0.003 1 boiling Acetic acid 99.9 222 106 nil - 2-26 Acetic acid 33-vapor boiling - nil - 1 Acetic acid 5 to 99.7 255 124 nil - 1 Acetic acid (nonaerated) 99.5 212 100 0.04 0.0010 3-16 powder consolidation Acetic acid + 0.15 KMnO4 + 10.73 manganese acetate + 58 ppm Cl- chloride ion 89 255 124 4.3-28 0.1-0.71 2-26 Acetic acid + 106 ppm Cl 62 boiling - 10.7 0.272 1 Acetic acid + 109 ppm Cl 31.2 boiling - 10.2 0.26 1 Acetic acid + acetaldehyde, 0.02% 99.9 216 102 nil - 2-26 Acetic acid + acetic anhydride, 1.5% Glacial 399 204 0.20 0.005 1 Acetic acid + acetic anhydride, 3% Glacial 399 204 40.2 1.02 1 Acetic acid + adipic acid, 25% + 3% formic 65 250 121 0.1 0.0025 3-1 Acetic acid + formic acid, 0.1%  + 0.1% H2O, KMnO4 added 99.8 243 117 15 0.38 2-26 no pitting observed Acetic acid + formic acid, 0.2% 99.9 255 124 0.5 0.013 2-26 Acetic acid + formic acid, 0.2% + trace KMnO4 99.9 255 124 0.3 0.0076 2-26 Acetic acid + formic acid, 20% + water, 20% 99.6 246 119 0.3 0.0076 2-26 Acetic acid + formic acid, 5% 58 boiling - 0.51 0.013 1 Acetic acid + high boiling organics, 1-2% 98-99 228 109 nil - 2-26 Acetic acid + NaCl, 5% 50 192 89 0.03 0.0008 2-8 Acetic acid + traces of Mn, Ba, Co 70 122-144 50-62 <0.1 <0.0025 3-1 Acetic anhydride 99 68 20 0.1 0.0025 3-1 Acetic anhydride 99.5 boiling - 0.46 0.012 3-16 Acetic anhydride 100 70 21 1.0 0.025 1 Acetic anhydride 100 302 150 0.2 0.005 1 Acidic gases containing CO2, H2O, Cl2, SO2, SO3, H2S, O2, NH3 - 100-500 38-260 <1.0 <0.025 1 Adipic acid 67 450 232 nil - 1 Adipic acid  + 15-20% glutaric +  2% acetic 25 380-392 nil - 3-1 Adiponitrile solution (NH3) vapor 700 371 0.3 0.0076 3 Adipylchloride + chlorobenzine - - 0.10 0.0025 3-1 Air + Ca(OCl)2 Cl2 & H2O - 180 82 nil - 2-2 gas exposure Air + sulfur dioxide, 5% + sulfur trioxide, 1% + moisture, 6% 425 218 1 0.025 2-2 Aluminum molten 1250 677 6480 165 1 Aluminum chloride 1 68-212 20-100 nil-0.5 - 2-1 Aluminum chloride 5 140 60 0.12 0.003 4 Aluminum chloride 10 140 60 0.12 0.003 4 Aluminum chloride 10 212 100 0.09 0.002 4 Aluminum chloride 10 220 104 1.1 0.028 2-7 Aluminum chloride 10 68-212 20-100 nil-0.5 - 2-1 Aluminum chloride 20 300 149 630 16 4 autoclave test Aluminum chloride 25 68 20 0.04 0.001 2-1 Aluminum chloride 25 212 100 2020 51 2-20 Aluminum chloride 25 212 100 258 6.6 2-1 Aluminum chloride 40 239 115 4300 109 2-7 Aluminum chloride 5-10 140-212 60-100 .08-.16 0.002-.004 2-1 Aluminum chloride saturated 68.5 20 nil - 5 Aluminum chloride, aerated 10 212 100 0.09* 0.002* 1 crevice corrosion possible Aluminum chloride, aerated 25 212 100 124* 3.15* 1 crevice corrosion possible Aluminum chloride, non-aerated 10 212 100 0.079 0.002 1 Aluminum chloride, non-aerated 10 302 150 1.3* 0.033* 1 crevice corrosion possible Aluminum chloride, non-aerated 25 140 60 nil - 1 Aluminum chloride, non-aerated 25 212 100 2.58* 6.55* 1 crevice corrosion possible Aluminum flouride saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Aluminum nitrate saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Aluminum sulfate saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Aluminum sulfate + H2SO4, 1% saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Aluminum sulfate + H2SO4, 25 g/l 65 g/l 160 71 0.2 0.005 2-3 Amines, synthesis of organic - 300-400 149-204 15 0.381 1 Ammonia + sodium hydroxide, 2% 20 - - 0.24 0.006 2-4 Ammonia, anhydrous 100 104 40 <5 <0.127 1 Ammonia, steam, water — 431 222 440 11.176 1 Ammonium acetate 10 68.5 20 nil - 1 Ammonium acid phosphate 10 68.5 20 nil - 1 Ammonium aluminum chloride molten 662-716 350-380 very rapid attack 1 Ammonium bicarbonate 50 212 100 nil - 1 Ammonium bisulfite, pH 2.05 (spent pulping liquor) - 159 71 0.6 0.015 1 Ammonium carbamate 50 212 100 nil - 1 Ammonium chlorate + 214-250- g/l NaCl + 36 g/l NaClO4 + glutamic + amino acids 265-300 g/l 122 50 0.10 0.003 2-3 +glutamic & amino acids Ammonium chlorate + 214-250 g/l NaCl + 36 g/l NaClO4 265-300 g/l 122 50 0.10 0.003 2-3 Ammonium chloride all 68 20 <0.5 <.13 4 Ammonium chloride saturated 212 100 <0.5 <0.013 1 Ammonium fluoride 10 68.5 20 4 0.102 1 Ammonium hydroxide 28 212 100 nil - 1 Ammonium hydroxide 28 68.5 20 0.1 0.003 2-4,16 Ammonium nitrate 28 boiling - nil - 1 Ammonium nitrate + 1% nitric acid 28 boiling - nil - 1 Ammonium oxalate saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Ammonium perchlorate 20 190 88 nil - 1 Ammonium sulfate 10 212 100 nil - 1 Ammonium sulfate + 1% H2SO4 saturated 68.5 20 0.4 0.010 1 Ammonium sulphate, pH 5.0 3.2 105 41 nil - 2-3 Ammonium sulphate, pH 8.0 3 105 41 nil - 2-3 Aniline 100 68.5 20 nil - 1 Aniline + 2% AlCl3 98 316 158 50 1.270 1 Aniline + 2% AlCl3 98 600 316 804 20.422 3-1 Aniline hydrochloride 5 95 35 0.03 0.001 3-16 Aniline hydrochloride 5 212 100 0.000 0.000 3-16 Aniline hydrochloride 20 140 60 0.000 0.000 3-16 Aniline hydrochloride 20 212 100 0.000 0.000 3-16 Aniline hydrochloride 27 68.5 20 nil - 1 Aqua regia 3:1 68.5 20 nil - 1 Aqua regia (3 parts HCl,  1 parts HNO3) - 70 21 nil - 2-8 Aqua regia (3 parts HCl,  1 part HNO3) - 80 27 4 0.102 2-3 Aqua regia (3 parts HCl,  1 part HNO3) 3:1 175 79 34.8 0.884 1 Aqua regia (3 parts HCl,  1 part HNO3) 3:1 boiling - 44.1 1.12 1 Arsenous oxide saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1   Barium carbonate saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1   Barium chloride 25 212 100 nil - 1 Barium chloride 5-20 212 100 nil-0.1 nil-0.002 2-1 Barium fluoride saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Barium hydroxide 27 boiling - some small pits 5 some small pits Barium hydroxide saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Barium nitrate 10 68.5 20 nil - 1 Benzaldehyde 100 68.5 20 nil - 1 Benzene liquid 68.5 20 nil - 1 Benzene + traces HCl liquid 122 50 1 0.025 1 Benzene + traces HCl, NaCl (&CS2) vapor + liquid 176 80 0.2 0.005 1,3-1 Benzoic acid saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Bismuth molten 1500 816 high - 1 Bismuth / lead molten 572 300 good resistance 1 Boric acid 10 boiling - nil - 1 Boric acid saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Bromine liquid 86 30 rapid attack - 1 Bromine (moist) vapor 86 30 <0.1 <0.003 1 Bromine gas (dry) 70 21 dissolved rapidly 2-8 Bromine gas (moist) 70 21 <4 <0.10 2-8 Bromine in methyl alcohol 5 - - 757 19.228 5 Bromine-methyl alcohol solution 0.05 140 60 1.2 0.030 1 cracking possible Bromine-water solution - 68.5 20 nil - 1 Calcium bisulfite   (cooking liquor) - 79 26 0.02 0.001 1 Calcium carbonate saturated boiling - nil - 1 Calcium chloride 5 212 100 0.02* 0.0005* 1,2-1 crevice corrosion possible Calcium chloride 10 212 100 0.29* 0.007* 1,2-1 crevice corrosion possible Calcium chloride 20 212 100 0.61* 0.015* 1,2-1 crevice corrosion possible Calcium chloride 55 220 104 0.02* 0.001* 1 crevice corrosion possible Calcium chloride 60 300 149 <0.003* <0.003* 1 crevice corrosion possible Calcium chloride 62 310 154 2 & 16* 0.051 & 0.406* 1 two tests Calcium chloride 70 302 150 nil - 2-7 Calcium chloride 73 350 177 84 2.134 1 Calcium chloride 80 392 200 0.2 0.005 2-7 Calcium chloride (NaCl & CaSO4 suspended) 40 230 110 nil - 2-2 Calcium chloride (NaCl & CaSO4 suspended) 55 230 110 nil - 2-2 Calcium chloride (NaCl & CaSO4 suspended) 62 310 154 nil-60 nil-1.5 2-2  borderline passivity Calcium chloride (NaCl & CaSO4 suspended) 73 350 177 31 0.787 2-2  severe pitting Calcium hydroxide saturated boiling - nil - 1 Calcium hydroxide saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Calcium hydroxide + Ca(OCl2) & HOCl - 75 24 0.1 0.003 2-2 Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) 2 95 35 nil - 2-3 Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) 2 140 60 nil - 2-3 Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) 2 212 100 0.05 0.001 2-1 Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) 6 95 35 nil - 2-3 Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) 6 140 60 nil - 2-3 Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) 6 212 100 0.05 0.001 2-1 Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) 6 212 100 nil - 2-3 Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) 18 70 21 nil - 1 Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) - 70 21 nil - 2-6 filter cake Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) 18-20 70-75 21-24 nil - 2-2 liquid exposure Calcium hypochlorite (saturated slurry) sat. slurry 70 21 nil - 1 Carbon dioxide 100 - - excellent - 1 Carbon dioxide + O2, H2O, and traces of SO3, CI, & NH3 - 100-500 38-260 0.194 0.005 2-22 regeneration gas in catalytic  reformer - pressure 300 psi spray condition Carbon tetrachloride 99 boiling - 0.18 0.005 3-16 Carbon tetrachloride liquid boiling - nil - 1 Carbon tetrachloride vapor boiling - nil - 1 Carbon tetrachloride + 50% water 50 77 25 nil - 1 Chlorine (water saturated solution) - 68.5 20 <1 <0.03 2-20 Chlorine (wet) - 68.5 20 <1 <0.03 2-20 Chlorine dioxide 10 158 70 0.030 1 Chlorine dioxide - 38 3 0.1 0.003 2-3 at top of ClO2  absorber Chlorine dioxide - 100 38 nil - 2-3 0.2 gins/liter HCl Chlorine dioxide - 180 82 <1 <0.03 2-3 ClO2  retention tower vent Chlorine dioxide 7.2 gm/l 38 3 0.1 0.003 2-3 water solution Chlorine dioxide + some HOCl and wet Cl2 15 110 43 nil - 1 Chlorine dioxide in steam 5 210 99 nil - 1 Chlorine dioxide in steam, H2O, and air 5 180 82 <0.1 <0.003 5 Chlorine dioxide, 18-30% H2SO4 0.9 g/l NaClO3 0-1.5 gm/l 50 10 0.1 0.003 2-3 Chlorine gas (dry) - 140 60 very high - 2-2 specimen ignited Chlorine gas (dry <0.5 H20) <0.5 H2O 68.5 20 may react - 1 may react Chlorine gas (wet >1.5 H2O) >1.5 H2O 392 200 nil - 1 Chlorine gas (wet >0.7 H2O) >0.7 H2O 68.5 20 nil - 1 Chlorine gas (wet >0.95 H2O) >0.95 H2O 284 140 nil - 1 Chlorine gas (wet) + condensed water +  organic solids present - 205 77-96 nil-0.03 nil-0.0008 2-2 Chlorine gas (wet, liquid water on surface) - 68.5 20 nil - 5 Chlorine gas (wet, salt brine spray present) - 50-190 10-88 nil-0.02 nil-0.0005 2-2 Chlorine gas (wet, salt brine spray present) - 205 96 0.1 0.003 2-2 Chlorine gas (wet, salt brine spray present) - 190-205 88-96 nil-0.01 nil-0.0003 2-2 Chlorine gas saturated with water - 212 100 nil - 2-3 Chlorine gas saturated with water - 70.0 21 nil - 2-3 Chlorine gas, HOCl and H2O (up to 15% Cl2) - 110 43 0.001 0.00003 2-2 Gas Chlorine header sludge and wet chlorine - 207 97 0.03 0.001 1 Chlorine monoxide + some HOCl, Cl2, & H2O up to 15 110 43 nil - 1, 5 moist Chlorine trifluoride 100 <86 <30 vigorous reaction 1 vigorous reaction Chloroacetic acid 30 176 80 0.8 0.020 3-1 Chloroacetic acid 30 boiling - <0.5 <0.013 3-1 Chloroacetic acid 100 176 80 0.80 0.020 3-99 Chloroacetic acid 100 boiling - nil - 3-16 Chloroform (liquid and vapor) 100 boiling - 0.01 0.0003 3-16 Chloroform + H2O - boiling - <5 <.13 3-18 Chloropicrin + calcium  chloride, hypochlorite & lime calcium carbonate, pH 10-11 liquid 203 95 0.1 0.003 2-3 Chloropicrin + calcium  chloride, hypochlorite & lime calcium carbonate, pH 10-11 vapor 203 95 0.1 0.003 2-3 Chlorosulfonic acid 100 68.5 20 7.5-12.3 0.191-0.312 1, 5 Chlorotrifluorethylene + up to 1% HF plus HCl - 70-120 20-50 10 0.25 2-3 Chromic acid 10 boiling - 0.1 0.003 1 Chromic acid 15 75 24 0.2 0.005 1 Chromic acid 15 180 82 0.6 0.015 1 Chromic acid 50 75 24 0.5 0.013 1 Chromic acid 50 180 82 1.1 0.028 1 Chromic acid (commercial) 50 70 21 nil - 2-8 contains dissolved SO3 Chromic acid + nitric acid, 5% 5 70 21 <0.1 <0.003 1 Chromic acid + H2SO4 (5 gm/ml K2Cr2O7  in 100 ml conc. H2SO4) - 70 21 nil - 2-8 5 gm/ml K2Cr2O7  in 100 ml conc. H2SO4 Chromium plating bath containing flouride plating salt 240 g/l 171 77 58.3 1.481 5 Citric acid 10 212 100 0.36 0.009 3-16 powder consolidation Citric acid 25 140 60 0.04 0.001 3-16 powder consolidation Citric acid 25 212 100 0.03 0.001 3-16 powder consolidation Citric acid 50 140 60 0.01 0.000 3-16 powder consolidation Citric acid 50 212 100 0.05 0.001 3-16 powder consolidation Citric acid 50 boiling - 14.1 0.358 3-16 powder consolidation Citric acid 50 boiling - 1-5 0.025-1.3 1 Citric acid (nonaerated) 50 boiling - 5-50 0.13-13 2-16 (also ref 3-18) Citric acid 62 300 149 corroded - 1, 5 Citric acid (aerated) 50 212 100 0.5 0.013 1 Copper nitrate saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Copper sulfate 50 boiling - nil - 1 Copper sulfate + 2% H2SO4 saturated 68.5 - 0.7 0.018 1 Cupric carbonate + cupric hydroxide saturated ambient - nil - 1 Cupric chloride 20 boiling - nil - 1 Cupric chloride 40 boiling - 0.2 0.005 1 Cupric chloride 55 239 115 0.10 0.003 2-7 Cupric chloride 1-20 212 100 0.05 0.001 2-2 Cupric cyanide saturated 68.5 20 nil - 1 Cuprous chloride 50 194 90 <0.1 <0.003 1 Cyclohexane + traces of formic acid - 302 150 0.1 - 2-4 (also ref. 3-1, 1) Cyclohexylamine 100 68.5 20 nil - 1

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